People are the most important asset of any organisation and considerable
time and effort is necessary to ensure that the right person is recruited for
the job. In schools, as with any other organisation, a ÒpoorÓ appointment is
costly both in terms of reduced efficiency as well as any remedial action.
When recruiting, it must be remembered that the exercise is part public
relations since it is not only the vacancy that is in the public domain but
also the school as a whole.
Safer recruitment is one strand of safeguarding and promoting the
welfare of children, a key part of the GovernmentÕs strategy for children and
young people that was set out in Every Child Matters (ECM). Staying safe is one
of the five outcomes for children that underpin that strategy, and safeguarding
and promoting the welfare of children is a key theme of the ECM agenda and the
Children Act 2004.
The consequences of poor recruitment and selection practices include the
wrong appointment, risks to children and young people, poor job performance,
higher staff turnover, increased workloads on those staff remaining, and staff
retention issues.
The recruitment and selection process is best handled by having
established systems in place, appropriate to the size and nature of the school.
These systems should be:
The Safer Recruitment and Selection Policy you are about to read is
produced as a framework assisting to achieve the above-mentioned requirements
when embarking upon the recruitment and selection of staff to the school.
This document should be read in conjunction with the DfE
Guidance ÒSafeguarding Children and
Safer Recruitment in EducationÓ, which came into force 1 January 2007.
Furthermore, there is significant legislation impacting upon the
recruitment and selection process of which those embarking upon the process
should be aware. Additional
details on the legislation can be found in Section
13.0 of these procedures.
Schools are reminded that they are required to monitor their recruitment
and selection of staff against all of the equality monitoring standards.
SECTION 1
1.0
When a Vacancy Occurs
1.1 Decide whether to fill the vacancy
When a vacancy arises, you should consider whether or not it is
necessary to recruit a direct replacement, taking into account the schoolÕs
agreed staffing structure. Considerations may include:
When a church school is appointing staff it must consider the needs of
the Foundation. In particular, two aspects of school life must be safeguarded
and respected by all appointments:
2.0 Appointing a Selection Panel
2.1 Responsibility for Appointment
Any voluntary aided, foundation, trust, and foundation special schools
are, in general, the employers of the schoolÕs teaching and non-teaching staff
(although the LA may employ non-teaching staff directly if the TCHA Board
agrees). The LA does not have an automatic statutory right of attendance at
appointment proceedings but TCHA Board may invite the LA to attend and give
advice if it so wishes.
TCHA Board along with the Learning & Skills Co-ordinator takes the
responsibility for appointment decisions of all school staff.
2.2 Composition of the Selection Panel
Selection panels will vary in size and composition depending on the
post. It is important to have all appropriate persons, who are suitably trained
and briefed, on the panel but without making it excessively large.
Wherever possible, the panel undertaking any interview should:
Whilst the involvement of TCHA Board in selection procedures is to be
encouraged, always be mindful of the sensitivity relating to the post being
recruited to, in particular their role and decision making capacity within the
process.
The selection panel will be responsible for all stages of the
appointment, from the job description/person specification through to the
interview and it is good practice for all members of the panel to attend all
meetings relating to that appointment.
The selection panel has a duty to:
Where a recommendation to appoint is made as outlined above, the TCHA
Board should appoint the recommended candidate unless he/she fails to meet the
requirements relating to qualification, capability and the Criminal Records Bureau
(CRB).
If the selection panel or TCHA Board cannot agree on a person to
recommend, or if the recommended person fails to meet the qualification or
capability requirements, the TCHA Board has two options:
2.4 Appointing Learning &
Skills Posts
The Children, Young People and Families Directorate can advise TCHA
Board members, if they so wish, throughout the process of appointing a Learning
& Skills Co-ordinator and this will include advice on recruitment and
selection procedures, salary grading, conditions of service, contracts, job
descriptions and person specifications. Participation in and support with
shortlisting, interviews and candidatesÕ de-briefing are also offered.
In the case of church schools, diocesan representatives will work with
TCHA Board to provide advice and guidance in respect of the appointments
process.
All Learning & Skills Co-ordinator vacancies must be advertised in a
printed publication circulated throughout England and Wales, such as the Times
Educational Supplement, in order to comply with the School Standards and
Framework Act 1998. The exemption here is where a school is subject to a
re-structure, for example, where an Infant and Junior school merge to form a
Primary School. Where a school is part of a statutory federation, TCHA Board
may decide to appoint Learning & Skills Co-ordinator who is already in an
existing position at another school within the federation, in which case a selection
process would not be necessary.
Other appropriate sources of advertising can also be used to supplement
the national advertising referred to above.
In terms of process:
Where the LA has concerns about the suitability of a candidate, it must
write to the selection panel within 7 days. The panel is required to consider
the LAÕs representations and if it proceeds to interview and subsequently
wishes to recommend the appointment of that candidate to the governing body, it
must respond to the LA in writing. Furthermore, the correspondence must be made
available to the whole of the TCHA Board.
Where there is a gap between Learning & Skills Co-ordinator leaving
and his/her replacement starting, the TCHA Board is required to recommend a
person to appoint as Acting Learning & Skills Co-ordinator. They can also
choose to recommend an acting Deputy Learning & Skills Co-ordinator, if
there is a similar situation at Deputy Level. The full advertising and
interviewing process need not be followed in these instances; however, where
there is more than one suitable candidate the appointments procedure must be
followed. Upon the recommendation of a suitable candidate, the TCHA Board is
required to appoint the recommended person, subject to qualifications and
medical capability.
The TCHA Board may delegate responsibility for recruitment to Learning
& Skills Co-ordinator, senior staff and LA representatives, as appropriate.
Good practice would be for the panel to involve a minimum of three
people to include the line manager of the vacant post accompanied by at least
one of the following; the Learning & Skills Co-ordinator, a Senior Manager
within the school or a TCHA Board member.
Recommendations to appoint should be made to the TCHA Board which is
required to appoint the recommended person, subject to conditions concerning
qualifications and medical capability.
3.0 Writing a Job Description and Person Specification
3.1 Job Descriptions
Everyone applying for a vacant job will want to know what they will be
expected to do and the outcomes they will be responsible for. Without that
degree of definition and clarity about where the post fits into the schoolÕs
agreed structure, there is likely to be confusion and disagreement between
employer and employee.
The job description should detail the purpose, tasks and
responsibilities of the job. When a job is new it would be reasonable to review
the job descriptionÕs accuracy after six months, for example, and on a regular
basis thereafter as part of the annual appraisal process. Similarly, an
existing job becoming vacant presents an ideal opportunity to review and update
the job description and person specification.
Job descriptions for teachers should not contain duties or
responsibilities that are outside of those contained within the Conditions of
Employment section of the National School TeachersÕ Pay and Conditions
Document. There is also a need to be mindful of the National Agreement in
relation to teachersÕ workload, the contractual changes and the need to address
work-life balance issues.
Some points to include when writing an appropriate job description:
Compiling a person specification allows an employer to profile the ideal
person to fill the job. A person specification should be prepared which sets
out the skills, aptitude, knowledge and general abilities that are required to
do the job. These should be defined as either 'essential' or 'desirable'
criteria:
Essential criteria are attributes that the postholder must
have in order to carry out the job effectively.
Desirable criteria are attributes that will enhance job
performance but do not necessarily mean that those lacking such attributes
should be excluded from consideration.
Some points to include when writing a person specification:
In addition to the candidateÕs ability to perform the duties of the
post, the interview will also explore issues relating to safeguarding and
promoting the welfare of children. It is recommended that you include the
following points in the person specification:
Also
include in all person specifications the following:
Under no circumstances should the person specification be completed or
revised after the selection panel has had access to the applications.
Ensure that the wording of the advertisement encourages applications
from all suitable candidates irrespective of gender, race, disability, age,
religion and marital status. Also ensure that the contents, particularly salary and other benefits,
are accurate.
You
should avoid the following:
5.0 Placing the Advertisement
5.1 The process of advertising a
vacancy needs to be undertaken carefully so as to ensure the best response
whilst achieving best value at the same time. The object is to attract a
sufficient selection of good quality candidates.
Media
used for such advertisements will include:
á
School
noticeboard - this may
be suitable for certain vacancies, e.g. midday supervisors
5.2 Other
sources of recruitment may include:
á
Commercial
recruitment agencies – often specialising in particular types
of work/job role agencies are likely to already have potential applicants
registered with them. This source, however, does tend to be expensive.
á
Secondary schools,
colleges and the careers service – a good source of local, young people
whose particular skills and abilities are known. It can be particularly useful
to offer students the opportunity to spend some time at the school on work
experience, or ÔshadowingÕ. The Modern Apprenticeship Scheme is also available
to provide young people work opportunities at a low cost to the employer,
e.g. some schools have recruited
ICT technicians through this scheme.
5.3 Under Representation and Genuine Occupational
Requirement (GOR)
In limited circumstances it may be permissible to aim an advertisement
specifically at a particular race or sex or age range, either where there is
under representation or where a GOR applies. The latter is where the
holder of the job provides individuals with personal services promoting their
welfare or education, or similar personal services, and those services can most
effectively be provided by a man (or woman, or person of a particular race, as
the case may be). An example would be the provision of care for a specific
pupil or group. Further information relating to this legislation can be found
in Sections 13.1 and 13.3.
The Courts do, however, take a restrictive view of when such a condition
applies, and TCHA Board would be mindful of seeking further professional
advice.
5.4 Responding to Disabled Applicants
6.0 Shortlisting Applicants
It is essential that the same selection panel
should both shortlist and interview candidates. When shortlisting:
Candidates who have not been shortlisted should be informed in writing,
unless they have already been informed that those not receiving a response by a
specified date should assume that they have not have been shortlisted.
Applicants who believe they have been unlawfully discriminated against
have the right to complain via an Employment Tribunal and, therefore, all notes
should be kept for at least 6 months following the date of the interview.
Furthermore, it is good practice to provide feedback to applicants when
requested and such notes will help you in that process.
7.0 Checking for References and Qualifications
The application form should request both professional and character
references, one of which should be from the applicantÕs current or most recent
employer. Additional references may be asked for where appropriate. For
example, where the applicant is not currently working with children, but has
done so in the past, a reference from that employer should be asked for in
addition to that from the current or most recent employer if this is different.
Careful consideration need to be given to applicants who have been working as a
locum or with an agency on a series of temporary contracts. The need to ask for
additional references, i.e. the last permanent employer should be considered.
References should contain objective verifiable information and in order
to achieve this, a reference pro-forma with questions relating to the candidateÕs
suitability to work with children should be provided. You are recommended to
use a reference pro-forma (a model pro-forma can be found in Section 15.0) which can be sent with a
covering letter. The use of telephone references is not good practice and
should be discouraged. In situations where a reference is not provided in time,
this should not prevent the candidateÕs application from going forward if s/he
meets the criteria.
The referee should be asked to confirm whether the applicant has been
the subject of any disciplinary sanctions. Furthermore, the referee should be
asked whether the applicant has had any allegations made against him/her,
concerns raised relating to either the safety or welfare of children and young
people, or about the applicantÕs behaviour towards children or young people.
Details about the outcome of any concerns or allegations should be sought. The
references should be checked carefully with the application form to identify
any possible discrepancies.
If the applicant claims to have specific qualifications or experience
relevant to working with children which may not be verified by a reference, the
facts should be verified by making contact with the relevant body or previous
employer, and any discrepancy explored during the interview.
Reference requests should include a copy of the job description, person
specification and any other relevant information. They should also indicate the
date by which a reply is required. It is helpful to ask specific questions of
the referee, covering areas such as:
Where the response from the referee appears unclear, or questions asked
remain unanswered, clarification must be sought.
No offer of appointment - verbal or written - is to
be made prior to receipt of suitable references. Where references have not been
received, it is suggested that you inform the ÔsuccessfulÕ candidate that you
are interested in pursuing the candidate's application and now wish to seek
references. There may be occasions when references are not forthcoming for
whatever reason and, in this case, a candidate should be given the opportunity
to provide the details of an alternative referee.
In order to make an offer, two satisfactory
references must be received, one of which is the current or most recent
employer. Where the candidate is a school or college leaver, the reference
should be from that educational establishment.
7.2 Qualifications
It is essential that all qualifications that are relevant to the job should
be checked before any appointment is made. The most convenient means to do this
is to ask shortlisted candidates to bring their original documents with them
when invited for interview. Please note that being registered with the General
Teaching Council is no guarantee that the candidate is qualified to teach.
8.0 Selecting an Applicant
8.1 Preparing for Interview
Be mindful that the interview stage is another area where allegations of
unfair or discriminatory treatment can arise and therefore care should be taken
here to ensure that all processes are fair and justifiable.
Firstly, it is good practice to offer the opportunity for candidates to
visit the school prior to the interview process.
All candidates invited for interview should be given sufficient time to
make arrangements to attend the selection process and to carry out any
preparatory work required beforehand, ensuring that they have access to all the
required information. A minimum of seven days prior notice is recommended.
Where the interview process for a teaching post is to include observed
teaching, it is good practice for full and clear details of the teaching
task(s) and the evaluation process to be given to the candidates as far in
advance as possible.
Candidates should be informed of claimable expenses and the method for
submitting claims.
Candidates should also be asked whether they have any particular
requirements for the selection process relating to disability and if they would
like to visit the school prior to the interview. All practicable steps should
be made to accommodate any such need.
Candidates should be reminded that, if successful, their qualifications
and suitability to work with children will need to be thoroughly checked.
Before the selection process, each member of the panel should receive:
A score sheet pro-forma can be found in Section 15.0 of these
guidelines.
The aims of an interview are to:
It is important that interview questions relate to the selection
criteria stated on the person specification in order that the candidateÕs
answers can be assessed and rated. It is perfectly acceptable to ask specific
questions to clarify and supplement the information provided in the candidateÕs
application form. An interview panel must, for example, seek clarification on
any apparent employment gaps or where dates of employment do not tally,
particularly where the postholder will have access to children.
The candidateÕs attitude toward children and young people in general should
be tested and also their commitment to safeguarding and promoting the welfare
of children in particular. The following areas should be explored with
applicants in the interview:
Suggested questions in
this area:
Panel members should also be reminded that all notes taken should be as
objective as possible. Under the Data Protection Act 1998, the potential exists
for interviewees to see the notes made about them.
Interviewing arrangements should include the following:
Presentations –
these can demonstrate an individual's ability to research a topic and present
it concisely and effectively to a targeted audience. These are often be used
where the postholder will be expected to address groups or to present
information as part of the job role.
Controlled group –
teachers can be asked to prepare specific tasks in their subject for a group.
'In tray' exercises – often used for clerical or
administrative roles, these can demonstrate an individual's ability to
prioritise and use their time efficiently.
Observed group discussions – commonly used for more
senior posts, these demonstrate personal and interactive skills. They can be
helpful in assessing a candidate's communication skills, ability to influence
or suitability for team working. Observers should, however, be trained in, and
have an understanding, of the process of observation.
Practical tests – these are
suitable where jobs require specific skills that can be readily assessed, e.g.
numeracy, keyboard skills etc. Any tests chosen should be relevant to the job
description and person specification. The test should, as far as possible, be a
task the applicants would normally face in the job role.
Psychometric tests – these can measure technical skills,
general intelligence, aptitudes and personality. Tests must only be conducted,
and the results interpreted, by qualified assessors. This type of selection
process is expensive and usually confined to senior management positions.
Be mindful that any one of these tests thought through and properly
prepared will require you to take time and resources to actually put into place
if they are to be effective. Remember to include these alternative methods on
the person specification and the criteria to which they are related.
It is important to be clear about the weighting that each activity will
carry. For example, the interview may count towards 50% of your scoring a
candidate, whilst the other activities combined may make up the remaining 50%
of the scoring. If the candidates are meeting a group of staff, think carefully
how this will be managed and how it will be fed back to the selection panel.
There is the potential for discriminatory practice here if due care is not
taken.
Panel members should separately score the candidates using the matrix
score sheet. See Section 15 pro-formas.
They should then share their scores with other panel members and discuss their
reasons for reaching this score. This discussion should result in a jointly
agreed score for each candidate.
Notes taken during the selection process should be collated and matched
against the criteria set out in the person specification. Always remember that
under the Data Protection Act 1998, candidates may have access to these notes.
Even though it is important that any appointment will complement an
existing team in the pursuit of its objectives, it is important not to select a
candidate based on vague general conclusions and because they would 'fit in'.
Selection on this basis could attract an accusation of discrimination.
If the panel is not able to decide on a candidate because of lack of
suitability, do not be afraid to refrain from making an offer of appointment.
Long term, it is far better to try again rather than make the wrong appointment
for the sake of filling the vacancy quickly.
After making a selection, references should also then be examined as a
means of confirming the panelÕs decision and therefore it is important to have
satisfactory references. An appointment should only be made where the
references confirm the candidateÕs suitability and there are no outstanding
disciplinary proceedings or allegations. If the references are not
satisfactory, there will be a need to follow them up and seek clarification.
9.0 After the Selection Process
9.1 Informing the Successful Candidate
The successful candidate may have been given an oral offer at the end of
the selection process. This should be followed up by letter or by e-mail as
soon as possible.
It is important to be very clear about the conditions upon which the
offer is made, e.g. subject to medical clearance, receipt of satisfactory
references, proof of qualifications, criminal records checks, eligibility to
work in the UK.
9.2 Informing Unsuccessful Candidates
It is important to inform unsuccessful candidates and the best way of
doing this is by telephone. This can be followed up by a letter or e-mail. In
all but exceptional circumstances this should be done within five working days.
Unsuccessful candidates should normally be offered the opportunity to
discuss their performance in the selection process if they wish and
constructive feedback provided.
Recruiting managers should aim to leave unsuccessful applicants feeling
that they have been treated fairly and with a favourable impression of the
school.
9.3 Keeping Recruitment Records
In order to comply with the Data Protection Act 1998, all personal data
obtained in the course of the recruitment process (applications, references,
interview notes, test scores,
etc.) with the exception of data which is transferred to the appointee's
personal file, should be kept in a secure place for a period of six months and
then systematically destroyed.
10.0 Checking Eligibility for Employment
10.1 General Teaching Council
It is a legal requirement that all qualified teachers should be
registered with the General Teaching Council before starting employment.
10.2 Criminal Record Checks
All school staff must be checked for criminal records. The Criminal
Records Bureau (CRB) carries out these checks. Checks can only be submitted to,
and received from the CRB, by a properly authorised body. Staff should not
commence prior to the CRB clearance being received. On the rare occasion where
this might occur, a risk assessment must be undertaken and unsupervised access
to children must be avoided. A risk assessment needs to be evidenced in
writing.
TCHA
Board members will discuss any cautions, convictions or cause for concern
disclosed on the CRB Disclosure Certificate. This is to help make a judgement
about the personÕs suitability to work with children, taking into account only
those offences which may be relevant to the post in question. In deciding the
relevance the following should be considered as part of your risk assessment:
á
the nature of the appointment
á
the nature of the offence
á
the age at which the offence took place
á
the frequency of the offence
Anyone
who is barred from working with children in a regulated position, as set out in
Section 36 Criminal Justice and Court Act 2000, is committing an offence if
they apply for, offers to do so or accept any work in any of the regulated
positions as set out in the Act. It is also an offence for an employer
knowingly to offer work in a regulated position, or to produce work in a
regulated position for an individual who is disqualified from working with
children, or fail to remove such an individual from such work.
10.3 Medical Procedures
Legislation requires that the
TCHA Board should be satisfied with the health and physical
capability of any employee who will have regular contact with children.
All employees should, therefore,
be required to provide a medical statement of fitness when first appointed by
completing a pre-employment questionnaire. The questionnaire is in two parts;
if the employee answers ÔyesÕ to any of the questions in part 1, then they are
required to answer further questions in part 2. Further investigation is
carried out by the Occupational Health Adviser and advice given regarding the
individualÕs fitness for work. The TCHA Board is responsible for obtaining this
report.
Where there are doubts about an
applicantÕs fitness to work in a school, the TCHA Board will discuss the matter
with the Learning & Skills Co-ordinator before any decision is made.
10.4 Eligibility to Work in the
UK
Law on preventing illegal working - Checking documentation
Section 8
of the Asylum and Immigration Act 1996 requires all employers in the United
Kingdom to make basic document checks on every person they intend to employ to
avoid breaking the law by employing illegal workers.
Section 8 of the Act sets out the
law on the prevention of illegal working:
¥ It is a
criminal offence for you to employ a person, aged 16 or over, who has no right
to work in the UK
¥ It
provides you with a statutory defence against conviction for employing an
illegal worker by making the appropriate checks
¥ It
obliges all employers to ensure that recruitment practices do not discriminate
against individuals on racial grounds.
Effective from 1 May 2004, the
Government introduced changes to the types of document which must be checked in
order to have a statutory defence under Section 8.
Under the
changes, you must now ask all of your potential employees to provide:
¥ One of the
original documents included in List 1 of the Home OfficeÕs listing of approved
documentation OR
¥ Two
of the original documents in the combinations given in List 2 of the Home
OfficeÕs listing of approved documentation.
There is no longer the need to
ask your potential employee to produce documents from both List 1 and List 2.
A breakdown of Lists 1 and 2, along with further details, can be found
on the Home OfficeÕs website www.ind.homeoffice.gov.uk . Alternatively, you can ring the Home Office Employers Helpline on
0845 010 6677.
New
measures to prevent illegal migrant working
From 29 February 2008, new measures to help
tackle illegal migrant working came into force introducing a civil penalty.
These measures, under sections 15 to 26 of the Immigration, Asylum and
Nationality Act 2006 (Ôthe 2006 ActÕ), include:
The new measures do not significantly alter
employersÕ responsibilities. Employers are already required to check their
employeesÕ right to work in the UK, to avoid being prosecuted for employing
illegal migrant workers.
Work
Permits
Please remember that, if you are
considering employing someone who is not a national of a European Union
country, you will have to check first of all whether they are eligible to work
in the United Kingdom. Anyone who is eligible to work here will have the
appropriate entry stamps in their passport. If they do not, they will need a
work permit, which should be applied for before the person takes up work. There
is a very useful website www.workpermits.gov.uk
which gives a great deal of information, including an EmployersÕ Section
containing examples of the various entry stamps issued by immigration officers.
It is extremely important that
the correct documentation is checked and care is taken when verifying the
candidate. Further information
about the legislation can be found in Section 13.6.
Pre-employment checks- Schools are required to compile a single, central
record of completed recruitment and vetting records. The central record must
state whether checks have been completed and include the date on which each
check was completed and by whom. Ofsted do check that the correct record system
is in place and that it is sufficiently robust.
11.0 Planning Induction
Now that an appointment has been made, the induction programme for the
new appointee needs to be planned well in advance of the appointment date.
Induction sessions should not be held during lunch breaks or outside of normal
directed time.
The
induction of all newly appointed staff must include an introduction to the
schoolÕs child protection policies and procedures. This should include being
made aware of the identity and specific responsibilities of those staff with
designated safeguarding responsibilities.
New staff
members must receive health and safety induction. In addition, they must be
provided with information about safe practice and given a full explanation of
their role and responsibilities and the standard of conduct and behaviour
expected. They should also be made aware of the schoolÕs personnel procedures
relating to disciplinary issues and the relevant whistle blowing policy.
The
programme of induction should also include attendance at child protection
training at a level appropriate to the member of staffÕs work with children.
Learning
& Skills Co-ordinator should ensure that staff are adequately and
appropriately supervised/supported and that they have ready access to advice,
expertise and management support in all matters relating to safeguarding and
child protection.
The overall induction process is likely to span a period of weeks, or
even months, depending upon the job involved. Although not exhaustive, and in
no particular order, the following checklist outlines items that may need to be
included in an induction programme:
It is also helpful to check with the new member of staff that they have
received the following:
12.0 Appointment Process -
Checklist
Please find below a model checklist for the appointment process which
may be of assistance to you:
|
Action |
Name of person responsible |
Target date |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Additional information sheets for applicants prepared as
appropriate |
|
|
|
Candidates invited for interview |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
References requested Interviews held |
|
|
|
Successful applicant informed |
|
|
|
Unsuccessful candidates informed |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
NB.
In the case of fixed-term employees it is important to include the
reason for the fixed term appointment, e.g. when an appointee is supporting a
special needs child please include the name of the child as this is needed
for inclusion in their contract of employment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SECTION 2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
13.0 Relevant Legislation
In the absence of consistent and justifiable criteria for recruitment
and selection purposes, decisions can be subjective and leave the way open for
discrimination to occur. Discrimination in the recruitment and selection process
not only contravenes TCHA Boards policy on equal opportunities, but it is also
unlawful.
Legislation which can impact on the recruitment and selection process is
detailed below.
13.1 Sex Discrimination Act (1975)
The Sex Discrimination Act (1975) applies to discrimination against both
women and men. All references below to the rights of women to equal treatment
also include the rights of men to equal treatment.
Direct sex discrimination, for example, arises where a person treats a
woman, on the grounds of her sex, less favourably than a man would be treated.
In considering direct discrimination it is necessary to enquire:
a)
Whether it was less favourable than the treatment
which was (or would be) accorded to a man and, if so, whether the less
favourable treatment was on the grounds of her sex, i.e. whether the reason for
the treatment was because she was a woman.
b)
Indirect sex discrimination consists of treatment which may be described
as equal in a formal sense but discriminatory in its effect on one sex. An
example of this might where a condition or requirement is applied which is to
the detriment of a woman because she cannot comply with it.
Section 7 of the Sex Discrimination Act does allow for certain
exceptions. Sex discrimination (but not against married persons or
victimisation) by an employer in recruiting for a job, or in providing
opportunities for promotion or transfer, is not unlawful where a personÕs sex
is a genuine occupational requirement (GOR) for the job. A GOR may be
claimed only because of:
a)
physiology (excluding physical strength and
stamina) or authenticity, for example, a model or an actor
b)
decency or privacy, for example, changing room
attendants
c)
the nature of the location of the establishment
which makes it impracticable for the job holder to live in premises other than
those provided for by the employer and the only available premises for persons
doing that kind of work do not provide both separate sleeping accommodation for
each sex. This exception does not apply if the employer could reasonably be
expected to make alternative arrangements
d)
the fact that the establishment, or part of it,
provides special care, supervision or attention to people of one sex only
e)
the fact that the job involves the provision of
personal services, promoting welfare or education, that are most effectively
provided by men (or by women), for example, some probation officers or wardens
of residential hostels.
making complaints about the
perpetrator or the employer, or other breaches of
the Race Relations Act, for example, discrimination.
The Regulations 2003 provide for greater scope for exemptions, covering
selection, promotion and training, but not dismissal. Taking account of the
type of work, or the context in which the work is carried out, the employer
must be able to show that there is a genuine need for a person of a particular
race, ethnic or national origin.
Examples could be:
13.3 Employment Equality (Religion or Belief)
Regulations 2003
The Employment Equality (Religion or Belief) Regulations 2003 came into
force on 2 December 2003 making discrimination on the grounds of religion,
religious belief or similar philosophical belief unlawful in employment and
vocational training. The principles of discrimination on these grounds are
virtually the same as stated above for race discrimination.
These new Regulations maintain the provisions already in place in
Section 60(6) School Standards and Framework Act 1998 and do not allow
governing bodies of Catholic schools, for example, to give preference in the
appointment, remuneration and promotion of non-teaching and support staff to
Catholics.
Generally, non-teaching and support staff posts in Catholic schools do
not require applicants to be practising Catholics. However, there will be some
occasions when a Genuine Occupational Requirement applies and a non-teaching or
support staff post must be filled by a Catholic, for example a school chaplain.
The new Regulations recognise this and make specific provision for those
employers who have an ethos based on religion or belief. The exemption in the
Regulations applies only to those non-teachings and support staff posts where
it can reasonably and demonstrably be shown that, Òbeing of a particular
religion or belief is a genuine occupational requirement for the jobÓ. This
allows employers to place advertisements for jobs requiring a person to be of
specific religion as long as it can be justified. Such a requirement needs to
be made explicit in job descriptions, person specifications and adverts and
should also be reiterated during the selection process.
Further advice and guidance can be found on the Diocesan Schools
Commission website at www.bdsc.org.uk
13.4 Disability Discrimination Act (1995)
The Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) in 1995 introduced a new legal
definition of disability and repealed the ÒregistrationÓ and quota system (also
known as the Ògreen cardÓ system). Under the DDA, a disabled person is someone
with:
Òa physical or mental impairment which has a substantial and long
term adverse effect on his/her ability to carry out normal day-to-day
activities.Ó
The DDA makes it unlawful for employers to discriminate against
prospective or current employees with disabilities because of a reason relating
to their disability. The Act says that discrimination occurs when a person with
a disability is treated less favourably than someone else due to their
disability, and the treatment cannot be justified.
Employers are placed under a duty to make Òreasonable adjustmentsÓ where
the physical features of the workplace or any of the employment arrangements
put a disabled person Òat a substantial disadvantage compared with non-disabled
peopleÓ. The legislation does not mean that schools have to employ persons who
are not suitable or will have to spend large sums of money in undertaking
Òreasonable adjustmentsÓ.
The key to implementing the duty to make (or consider) reasonable
adjustments is flexibility and this is possibly the greatest cultural change
required by this legislation. Reasonable adjustment requires the employer to
depart from the rigid framework demanded of other legislation and to look at
ways of accommodating difference.
13.6 Asylum and Immigration Act (1996)
The Asylum and Immigration Act (1996) makes employers responsible for
ensuring that their staff are legally entitled to work in the UK. This
responsibility is met if a prospective employee is able to produce one of a
number of items that might reasonably indicate such an entitlement.
On 1 May 2004 the Government introduced key changes to the types of
document that employers will to check for three reasons:
Section 8
of the Act sets out the law on the prevention of illegal working:
Consequently, the changes introduced by the Government relate to the
types of document that must be checked in order for employers to have a
statutory defence under Section 8 of the Act. Full details of these changes and the revised requirements
can be found on the Home OfficeÕs website at www.ind.homeoffice.gov.uk
From 29 February 2008, new measures to help
tackle illegal migrant working came into force introducing a civil penalty.
These measures, under sections 15 to 26 of the Immigration, Asylum and
Nationality Act 2006 (Ôthe 2006 ActÕ), include:
The new measures do not significantly alter
employersÕ responsibilities. Employers are already required to check their
employeesÕ right to work in the UK, to avoid being prosecuted for employing
illegal migrant workers.
Under the 2006
Act, it is a criminal offence to knowingly employ a person aged 16 or over who
is subject to immigration control and who has no permission to work in the
United Kingdom, or who works for you in breach of their conditions of stay in
the United Kingdom.
If you knowingly
employ or have knowingly employed an illegal migrant worker from 29 February
2008 you could be prosecuted and receive an unlimited fine and/or a maximum two
year prison sentence.
Under the
Accession (Immigration and Worker Registration) Regulations 2004, an employer
can be fined a maximum of £5,000 per illegal worker if they continue to employ
an unregistered non-exempt Bulgarian or Romanian worker after one month and
have not retained a copy of their Home Office application form and do not
receive a certificate of registration. An employer can also be fined for
continuing to employ an unregistered non-exempt Bulgarian or Romanian worker if
they have been notified by the Home Office that their application has been
refused.
Under the
Accession (Immigration and Worker Authorisation) Regulations 2006, an employer
can be fined a maximum of £5,000 per illegal worker for employing a non-exempt
Bulgarian or Romanian who does not have permission to undertake the employment
in question from 1 January 2007.
Additionally,
under the Accession (Immigration and Worker Registration) Regulations 2004
(SI 2004/1219) reg.9(5), an employer commits a criminal offence if it
illegally employs a national from the Czech Republic, Estonia, Latvia,
Lithuania, Hungary, Poland, Slovenia or Slovakia. The penalty is a fine of up
to £5,000 for each person illegally employed.
A new
code of practice Civil Penalties for Employers will apply to an illegal
worker whose employment began on or after 29 February 2008. The code is
available online at www.bia.homeoffice.gov.uk/sitecontent/documents/employersandsponsors/guidancefrom290208/.
Employing nationals from the European Union
(EU)/European Economic Area (EEA) Nationals
of the EEA/EU:
Austria, Belgium,
Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany,
Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irish Republic, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein,
Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,
Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden & United Kingdom.
Iceland, Liechtenstein and Norway are not members
of the European Union (EU). However, the European Economic Area Agreement gave
nationals of these countries the same rights to enter, live in and work in the
United Kingdom as EU citizens.
On 1 June 2002 the Agreement between the European
Community and its Member States and the Swiss Confederation on the Free
Movement of Persons came into force. In general terms, the Agreement conferred
on Swiss nationals and their family members the same free movement rights as
those enjoyed by EEA nationals and their family members.
Since 1 May 2004 nationals from the Czech Republic,
Estonia, Hungary, Latvia Lithuania, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia who take up
employment in the United Kingdom are required to register with the Home Office
under the 'Worker Registration Scheme'. Full details on the Worker Registration
Scheme are available on the Working in the U.K. website: www.workingintheuk.gov.uk
Therefore in addition to the
Section 8 check (as described above) the employee will need to provide evidence
of their employment to the Home Office following which the Home Office will
confirm the registration.
In addition to the website, the
Home Office has an employersÕ helpline on 0845 010 6677.
Bulgaria and Romania
Parliament has now approved the regulations that will manage the flow of
new workers into the UK from Romania and Bulgaria when they join the EU on 1st
January 2007.
These regulations follow the GovernmentÕs decision,
announced on 24 October, to put in place transitional arrangements for these
new member states whilst we make progress on our immigration reforms, and
properly understand the wider impacts of an expanded European Union.
At the heart of the new regulations is the
restriction of low-skilled workers to existing quota schemes in the
agricultural and food processing sectors. Skilled workers will continue to be
able to work in the UK if they qualify for a work permit or under the Highly
Skilled Migrant Programme. Further guidance for employers is available from the
employersÕ helpline on 0845 010 6677 or at: www.ind.homeoffice.gov.uk or
www.employingmigrantworkers.org.uk
13.7 Local Government and Housing Act (1989)
The Local Government and Housing Act (1989) places restrictions on local
government employees, occupying certain posts, from participating in public
political activity. Posts to which political restrictions apply fall into one
or more of the following categories:
List A Chief
Officers, Deputy Chief Officers and other employees who report directly to a
Chief Officer, except in a clerical or secretarial capacity, and certain other
senior employees who have delegated authority to discharge functions on behalf
of the County Council.
List B Full-time
posts where the annual salary is at or above spinal column point 44 on the
Administrative, Professional, Technical and Clerical pay scale and part-time
posts where the full-time salary would be at this level. This category includes
most Management Band posts.
List C Posts not
included in either Lists A or B above, but where the duties involve either or
both:
(i)
Giving advice on a regular basis to the Council, a
Committee, or sub-Committee (including Member panels) or any joint committee on
which the Local Authority is represented
(ii)
Speaking on behalf of the Local Authority on a
regular basis to journalists or broadcasters.
13.8 Rehabilitation of Offenders Act (1974)
Candidate:
Please indicate your assessment of the candidateÕs response to each of
the items on the agenda by ticking the appropriate box. Scores will be allocated as follows:
Excellent (5 points), Good
(4 points), Adequate (3 points), Poor (2 points), Not
addressed (0 points)
|
Criterion |
E |
G |
A |
P |
N |
Comments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RECORD OF
INVESTIGATORY INTERVIEW
Note to interviewer: the questions listed below are
intended to be a guide. The
purpose of the interview is to gather as much information as possible and forms
part of the investigation.
|
Employee Name: |
Interviewer Name: |
|
EmployeeÕs Post: |
InterviewerÕs Post: |
|
School: |
|
|
Date of Interview: |
|
|
Place of Interview: |
|
|
Other Persons Present: (interviewee will have had the opportunity to
bring a friend or representative to the meeting) |
|
|
Purpose of Meeting: Positive Criminal Records check The interview is part of an
investigation |
|
|
1. |
Have you received your copy of the Disclosure
Certificate? |
|
2. |
Do you agree that the information on the
Disclosure is correct? If not
why? |
Details about the offences and relevance to the
post:
|
3. |
When did the offence(s) occur? |
|
4. |
Is it / are they spent or unspent? |
|
5. |
What penalty was awarded? |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6. |
Was this a one-off, or one of several criminal
actions? |
|
7. |
Can you explain in more detail the circumstances
/ situation which lead to the offences? |
Mitigating Circumstances:
|
8. |
Has there been a change in your circumstances
that is relevant to the conviction since the offence? E.g. financial or
domestic situation. |
|
9. |
How do you feel about the offence? (Check
attitude to offence) |
|
10. |
Any other questions interviewer may wish to ask. |
Other:
|
11. |
Are you subject to any Police Investigation at
present? Can you give further
details? |
|
12. |
Is there a probation officer assigned to you? |
|
13. |
Is there anything else we would need to consider/
you wish to draw to our attention? |
InterviewerÕs signature ÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
IntervieweeÕs signatureÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉÉ
This policy was agreed and approved by The TCHA Board of Directors
on behalf of Tamworth
Cornerstone Housing Association
was reviewed______________________
next review due____________________